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CISS International Conference on Nuclear Deterrence in the Age of Emerging Technologies

By CISS-Pakistan

Press Release Day 1

“Advanced technologies such as AI, cyber and autonomous systems have the potential to destabilize the global order.” Amb Ali Sarwar Naqvi, Executive Director, CISS Islamabad

The integration of emerging technologies into military doctrines without consensus-based regulatory frameworks poses serious risks to crisis stability and arms control efforts, said Ambassador Ali Sarwar Naqvi, Executive Director, Center for International Strategic Studies, speaking at the two-day international conference on “Nuclear Deterrence in the Age of Emerging Technologies,” organized by the Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS), Islamabad, at Islamabad Marriott Hotel.

The event brought together esteemed speakers from Australia, Canada, China, Russia, Switzerland, the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA) on a dialogue surrounding emerging technologies in Islamabad. The event also drew scholars, notable statesmen, think tank professionals, academics, foreign policy experts, and diplomats. The organizing think tank CISS brought together 16 foreign speakers to discuss this important subject.

The conference also highlighted Pakistan’s commitment to continued dialogue and collaboration in addressing the challenges posed by emerging technologies to international security and regional stability

The speakers for the first day included Dr Han Hua from Peking University (China), Dr Xia Liping,  Center for Polar and Oceanic Studies (China), Dr Naeem Salik from Strategic Vision Institute (Islamabad), Mr Anton Khlopkov from Center for Energy and Security Studies (CENESS) (Russia), Dmitry Stefanovich from Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO RAS), Dr Alexander Evans OBE from LSE School of Public Policy, Dr Petr Topychkanov from Lomonosov Moscow State University (Russia), Ms Alice Saltini from James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies and Institute for Security and Technology, Dr Jean-Marc Rickli from Geneva Center for Security Policy (Switzerland), Dr Zafar Khan from Baluchistan Think Tank Network (Quetta), Dr Robert B. Hayes from North Carolina State University, (USA)  and Dr Tariq Rauf from Austria.

 Amb Naqvi pointed out that emerging technologies, including AI, cyber and autonomous systems, have the potential to destabilize the global order. More specifically, their integration into military systems risks eroding the delicate balance that has prevented nuclear conflict for decades. The Executive Director CISS stressed that the increasing use of unmanned vehicles and AI-enhanced surveillance in asymmetric warfare is raising new ethical, legal, and humanitarian challenges for international peace and security. These global events indicate that emerging technologies are not only transforming conflict at the tactical level but are also eroding present deterrence frameworks.

Press Release Day 2

India is no more India; it is “Bharat” now.
Former Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, General Zubair Mahmood Hayat, NI (M)

The emergence of multi-domain deterrence, a concept previously absent from strategic calculations, presents a new and complex challenge to the existing global security architecture, said former Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, General Zubair Mahmood Hayat. He was speaking on the second day of a two-day international conference on “Nuclear Deterrence in the Age of Emerging Technologies” organized by the Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS), Islamabad at Marriott Hotel.  

The event brought together esteemed speakers from Australia, Canada, China, Russia, Switzerland, the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA) on a dialogue surrounding emerging technologies in Islamabad.  The second day of the conference drew scholars, notable statesmen, think tank professionals, academics, foreign policy experts, and diplomats. The organizing think tank, CISS, brought together 16 foreign speakers to discuss this important subject.

The speakers for the second day included Dr  Laetitia Cesari from the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) (online), Ms Almudena Azcárate Ortega from UNIDIR, Dr Christine M Leah from the National Institute for Deterrence Studies (Australia), Dr Olamide Samuel from Open Nuclear Network (Austria), Dr Jessica West from Project Ploughshare (Canada), Mr HE Miao  from China Arms Control and Disarmament Association CACDA (China), Brigadier (Retd.) Dr Zahir Kazmi – Advisor, Strategic Plans Division, Pakistan, Dr Rizwana Abbasi from CISS (Islamabad), Prof. Dr Zafar Nawaz Jaspal from Quaid-e-Azam University (Islamabad), Prof. Dr Andrey Pavlov from Saint Petersburg State University (Russia), and Mr Vladislav Chernavskikh from Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).

While delivering the keynote address, former CJCSC highlighted that it is an alarming truth that India is the only nuclear-armed state governed by an extremist ideology whose strategic behavior is unfolding across three dimensions – ideological, political and technological. The BJP, political wing of RSS, promotes forced Hindu nationalism. Yet, the world chooses silence. Why? Because India is a large country, and the West’s focus is fixated on containing China. These are the double standards, and they are dangerous for global peace and stability.

The General emphasized that India today possesses the fastest-growing nuclear program in the world and has remained the largest arms importer for over a decade. India’s missile development program is increasingly signaling its military ambitions.

Former CJCSC also stated that “India is no longer “India,” it is now “Bharat” and this is not just a name change – it is a signal. When the Indian Prime Minister attends international forums and sits behind a nameplate that reads “Bharat,” it reflects a deeper ideological shift from secular liberal democracy of India to a Hindu Rashtra. The conference also highlighted Pakistan’s commitment to continued dialogue and collaboration in addressing the challenges posed by emerging technologies to international security and regional stability.

Media Coverage

The News
https://www.thenews.com.pk/amp/1304282-ai-cyber-capabilities-threaten-to-destabilise-global-security-order-experts
https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/1304621-india-s-nuclear-arsenal-raises-concerns-under-extremist-rule-gen-hayat

The Nation
https://www.nation.com.pk/23-Apr-2025/pakistan-vows-cooperation-on-emerging-tech-threats?version=amp

Dawn
https://www.dawn.com/news/1905968/gen-mirza-seeks-reciprocal-steps-from-india-for-n-risk-reduction

The Pakistan Times
https://thepakistantimes.com.pk/india-is-no-more-india-it-is-bharat-now/

For more details kindly visit https://ciss.org.pk/ciss-international-conference-nuclear-deterrence-in-the-age-of-emerging-technologies/

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Mr Syed Ali Abbas

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Syed Ali Abbas is a Research Officer/Communication Officer at the Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS), Islamabad. Previously, he served as an associate editor at Indus News Network. His areas of interest include Middle East politics, military modernization, foreign policy, and nuclear politics. He has contributed to various platforms, including The National Interest, South Asian Voices, and others.

Dr Anum Riaz

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Dr. Anum Riaz is the Associate Director Research at the Center for International Strategic Studies, Islamabad. She holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from the Department of Political Science at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. She also possesses M.Phil. and M.Sc. degrees from the Department of Defence and Strategic Studies at Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. Additionally, she has taught BS and Master’s students at the Department of Political Science at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. Her areas of interest include strategic studies, international relations, international nuclear politics, the nuclear non-proliferation regime, arms control and disarmament, as well as traditional and non-traditional security issues.

Dr Bilal Zubair

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Dr. Bilal Zubair has worked as an Assistant Professor at the National Defence University Islamabad and Lecturer at the National University of Science and Technology. He holds a Ph.D. and M. Phil. in International Relations from Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. Dr. Zubair is author of the book Chinese Soft Power and Public Diplomacy in the United States (Palgrave Macmillan, 2024) and contributed to several journal articles and book chapters focusing on soft power, diplomacy, and China’s role in international relations.

His research has been published in various academic journals, and he has presented at international conferences Dr. Zubair has also been an active reviewer and editorial board member. His professional interests include great power politics, and the role of communication in global diplomacy.

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Mobeen Jafar Mir is a Research Officer at the Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS), Islamabad. His research focuses on U.S. foreign policy, particularly in the areas of strategy, technology, and arms control. He is currently pursuing an M.Phil. in International Relations at the School of Politics and International Relations, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. He can be found on Twitter @jafar_mobeen.

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