New Delhi’s first dimension of nuclear expansionism is its sustainable vertical proliferation. With a substantial rise of 280%, India’s arsenal has increased from around 50 warheads in 2008 to around 190 warheads in 2026. This increasing stockpile is supported by the expansion of fissile material production.
Malik Kashif
Malik Kashif
Mr Malik Muhammad Kashif is Research Assistant at the Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS), Islamabad.
The institutional foundation of India’s missile programme was laid with the establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) in 1958 and the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 1969.
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