Executive Summary This policy brief analyzes the pre-war drivers, key strategic aspirations of the actors involved, and post-war trajectories of…
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The Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS) Islamabad conducts original policy research, analyses, and strategic outreach, and aims to highlight…
Introduction The contemporary nuclear order is undergoing significant transformation, marked by intensifying great power competition, rapid technological change, and weakening…
CISS Annual Report 2025(web)Download
The Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS) Islamabad conducts original policy research, analyses, and strategic outreach, and aims to highlight…
Executive Summary On February 28, 2026, the United States (US) and Israel launched coordinated military strikes against Iran, assassinating Supreme…
The Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS) Islamabad conducts original policy research, analyses, and strategic outreach, and aims to highlight…
The Center for International Strategic Studies (CISS) Islamabad conducts original policy research, analyses, and strategic outreach, and aims to highlight…
Executive Summary Rapid technological advancements driven by increasing computational power and data-centric approaches are fundamentally reshaping the conduct of modern…
Abstract Where previously outer space was once accessible only to a handful of states, satellite miniaturisation has opened it to…
